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Sleep apnoea is a common yet serious sleep disorder where breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. This condition can lead to poor sleep quality and various health issues if left untreated. Here’s what you need to know about sleep apnoea, its symptoms, causes, and treatment options.

What is Sleep Apnoea?

Sleep apnoea occurs when the muscles in the throat relax excessively during sleep, causing the airway to become blocked. This interruption in breathing can last from a few seconds to minutes and may occur multiple times throughout the night.

Types of Sleep Apnoea

There are three main types of sleep apnoea:

  1. Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA): The most common form, caused by a physical blockage of the airway.
  2. Central Sleep Apnoea (CSA): Occurs when the brain fails to send proper signals to the muscles that control breathing.
  3. Complex Sleep Apnoea Syndrome: A combination of both OSA and CSA.

Symptoms of Sleep Apnoea

Common symptoms include:

  • Loud snoring
  • Episodes of stopped breathing during sleep
  • Gasping for air during sleep
  • Morning headaches
  • Excessive daytime sleepiness
  • Difficulty concentrating
  • Irritability

Risk Factors

Several factors can increase the risk of developing sleep apnoea:

  • Excess weight: Obesity significantly increases the risk of OSA.
  • Neck circumference: A thicker neck can narrow the airway.
  • Age: Sleep apnoea is more common in older adults.
  • Gender: Men are more likely to develop sleep apnoea.
  • Family history: A family history of sleep apnoea can increase risk.
  • Use of alcohol or sedatives: These substances relax the muscles in the throat.

 

Diagnosis and Treatment

If you suspect you have sleep apnoea, it’s important to seek medical advice. Diagnosis typically involves a sleep study, either at home or in a sleep clinic, to monitor your breathing patterns during sleep.

Treatment options include:

  • Lifestyle changes: Weight loss, quitting smoking, and avoiding alcohol can help reduce symptoms.
  • Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP): A machine that delivers air pressure through a mask to keep the airway open during sleep.
  • Oral appliances: Devices worn in the mouth to keep the throat open.
  • Surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove tissue or reposition the jaw.

 

Managing Sleep Apnoea

In addition to medical treatments, there are several strategies to manage sleep apnoea:

  • Sleep on your side: Sleeping on your back can worsen symptoms.
  • Elevate your head: Using a pillow to elevate your head can help keep the airway open.
  • Maintain a regular sleep schedule: Consistent sleep patterns can improve sleep quality.

 

Sleep apnoea is a manageable condition with the right treatment and lifestyle changes. If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms, consult with a healthcare professional to explore the best options for diagnosis and treatment. By addressing sleep apnoea, you can improve your sleep quality and overall health.

Disclaimer: This article provides general information only. It is not intended as medical or health advice and should not be relied on as a substitute for consultation with a qualified healthcare professional who understands your individual medical needs.